Title : W/D emulsion from used cooking oil using impregnated biochar catalyst
Abstract:
A thorough investigation of biodiesel synthesis from used cooking oil using an impregnated biochar catalyst was conducted. The research aimed to prepare a biochar-based substance from coconut coir, treat it, and apply it as a catalyst for the esterification process of high-free Fatty Acid (FFA) used cooking oil. The generated catalyst was examined by surface area analyser, Fourier Transform Infa-Red (FTIR) Spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Disperse Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Furthermore, the weight of the catalyst and the reaction temperature were adjusted to conduct the esterification process. Finally, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to characterize the obtained liquid yields. The study discovered that a 10-weight per cent catalyst, a 1:76 mole oil-to-alcohol ratio, and a reaction temperature of 60°C were optimal for the esterification process. The study also showed that increasing crystallinity, increasing surface area, and activation of radical anion in porous support materials such as biochar correlate with adsorption activity in its role as a biodiesel catalyst. With 84.50% yield and 77.30% purity (methyl ester content), the used cooking oil was effectively converted into biodiesel with an exciting form (water/diesel emulsion). Meanwhile, tests utilizing Indonesian biodiesel standards and parameter limits for density, viscosity, iodine number, and acid number showed satisfactory results.
