A microemulsion is made up of three components: a hydrocarbon, water, and a surfactant (a molecule having a hydrophobic tail and hydrophilic head ends). Micelles are formed after molecules aggregate at a specific concentration of surfactant (critical micelle concentration). Microemulsion is a promising technology for producing nanoscale catalysts with a narrow size distribution. The size of catalytic particles can be controlled by varying the size of reversed micelles, which can range from 1–100 nm.
Cracking is the process of breaking down big hydrocarbon molecules into smaller, more valuable hydrocarbon molecules. The catalytic cracking process takes place in the presence of a catalyst, as the name suggests. The catalyst encourages the breakdown of big molecules in a specific way that maximizes gasoline output. Catalytic cracking is a conversion method that can be used on a wide range of feedstocks, including gas oil, heavy crude oil, and residuum.
- Microemulsion in heterogenous catalysis
- Nanoparticles from microemulsions
- Catalytic cracking in oil
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